Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride

Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride is an FDA-registered drug product whose active ingredient is POTASSIUM CHLORIDE AND SODIUM CHLORIDE. It is labelled by Baxter Healthcare Company taken by intravenous and marketed as a human prescription drug product. Identifiers on file: NDC 0338-0691, application NDA017648, label effective 20190111. This page reproduces the FDA-approved label text so you can check what a product is, who makes it and how it is supplied before discussing it with a pharmacist or prescriber.

Across FDA labelling, products containing POTASSIUM CHLORIDE AND SODIUM CHLORIDE are most often described in connection with: usage potassium, chloride sodium, injection usp, indicated source. Wording differs between labels, and the full indications section on this page takes precedence when it is present.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is indicated as a source of water and electrolytes.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Important Administration Instructions • Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is intended for intravenous infusion using sterile equipment. • To avoid life threatening hyperkalemia, do not administer Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP as an intravenous push (i.e., intravenous injection manually with a syringe connected to the intravenous access) without a quantitative infusion device (see WARNINGS ). • Do not connect flexible plastic containers in series in order to avoid air embolism due to possible residual air contained in the primary container. • Set the vent to the closed position on a vented intravenous administration set to prevent air embolism. • Use a dedicated line without any connections to avoid air embolism. • Do not pressurize intravenous solutions contained in flexible plastic containers to increase flow rates in order to avoid air embolism due to incomplete evacuation of residual air in the container. • The choice of a central or peripheral venous route of infusion should depend on the osmolarity of the final infusate. Solutions with osmolarity of greater than or equal to approximately 900 mOsm/L must be infused through a central catheter. • Prior to infusion, visually inspect the solution for particulate matter and discoloration. The solution should be clear and there should be no precipitates. Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. • Use of final filter is recommended during administration of all parenteral solutions, where possible. Dosing Information The choice of the specific potassium chloride and sodium chloride formulation, dosage, volume, rate and duration of administration is dependent upon the age, weight and clinical and metabolic condition of the patient and concomitant therapy, and administration should be determined by a physician experienced in intravenous fluid therapy. Additional electrolyte supplementation may be indicated according to the clinical needs of the patient. Additives can be introduced to the container; however, some additives may be incompatible. Evaluate all additions to the plastic container for compatibility and stability of the resulting preparation. Consult with a pharmacist, if available. If, in the informed judgment of the physician, it is deemed advisable to introduce additives, use aseptic technique. After addition, if there is a discoloration and/or the appearance of precipitates, insoluble complexes or crystals, do not use. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives. Discard any unused portion. Rapid correction of hyponatremia and hypernatremia is potentially dangerous (risk of serious neurologic complications). To avoid complications such as osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) during administration, follow the important administration instructions, monitor serum sodium and chloride concentrations, fluid status, acid-base balance, and signs of neurologic complications.

CONTRAINDICATIONS Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is contraindicated in patients with: • Known hypersensitivity to potassium chloride and/or sodium chloride (see WARNINGS ). • Clinically significant hyperkalemia (see WARNINGS ).

WARNINGS Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity and infusion reactions, including anaphylaxis and chills, have been reported with products containing potassium chloride and sodium chloride. Stop the infusion immediately if signs or symptoms of a hypersensitivity or infusion reaction develops. Appropriate therapeutic countermeasures must be instituted as clinically indicated. Electrolyte Imbalances Hyperkalemia Potassium-containing solutions, including Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can be asymptomatic and manifest only by increased serum potassium concentrations and/or characteristic electrocardiographic (ECG) changes. Cardiac conduction disorders (including complete heart block) and other cardiac arrhythmias, some fatal, can develop at any time during hyperkalemia. Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring may be necessary to aid in the detection of cardiac arrhythmias due to hyperkalemia (see ADVERSE REACTIONS ). To avoid life threatening hyperkalemia, do not administer Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP as an intravenous push (i.e., intravenous injection manually with a syringe connected to the intravenous access) without a quantitative infusion device. Patients at increased risk of developing hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias include those: • with conditions predisposing to hyperkalemia and/or associated with increased sensitivity to potassium, such as patients with severe renal impairment, acute dehydration, extensive tissue injury or burns, certain cardiac disorders such as congestive heart failure or atrioventricular (AV) block (especially if they receive digoxin). • who are at risk of experiencing hyperosmolality, acidosis, or undergoing correction of alkalosis (conditions associated with a shift of potassium from intracellular to extracellular space). • treated concurrently or recently with agents or products that can cause or increase the risk of hyperkalemia (see DRUG INTERACTIONS ). • with cardiac arrhythmias. Avoid use of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in patients with, or at risk for, hyperkalemia. If use cannot be avoided, use a product with a low amount of potassium chloride, infuse slowly and monitor serum potassium concentrations and ECGs. Hypernatremia and Hyperchloremia Electrolyte imbalances such as hypernatremia, hyperchloremia, and metabolic acidosis may occur with Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Conditions that may increase the risk of hypernatremia, fluid overload and edema (central and peripheral), include patients with: primary hyperaldosteronism; secondary hyperaldosteronism associated with, for example, hypertension, congestive heart failure, liver disease (including cirrhosis), renal disease (including renal artery stenosis, nephrosclerosis); and pre-eclampsia. Certain medications, such as corticosteroids or corticotropin, may also increase risk of sodium and fluid retention, see DRUG INTERACTIONS . Avoid Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in patients with, or at risk for, hypernatremia or hyperchloremia. If use cannot be avoided, monitor serum sodium and chloride concentrations and acid-base balance. Rapid correction of hypernatremia is potentially dangerous with risk of serious neurologic complications. Excessively rapid correction of hypernatremia is also associated with a risk for serious neurologic complications such as osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) with risk of seizures and cerebral edema. Hyponatremia Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may cause hyponatremia. Hyponatremia can lead to acute hyponatremic encephalopathy characterized by headache, nausea, seizures, lethargy, and vomiting. Patients with brain edema are at particular risk of severe, irreversible and life-threatening brain injury. The risk of hospital-acquired hyponatremia is increased in patients with cardiac or pulmonary failure, and in patients with non-osmotic vasopressin release (including SIADH) treated with high volume of hypotonic Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. The risk for hyponatremia is increased in pediatric patients, elderly patients, postoperative patients, those with psychogenic polydipsia, and in patients treated with medications that increase the risk of hyponatremia (such as diuretics, certain antiepileptic and psychotropic medications). See DRUG INTERACTIONS . Patients at increased risk for developing complications of hyponatremia such as hyponatremic encephalopathy, include pediatric patients, women (in particular, premenopausal women), patients with hypoxemia, and patients with underlying central nervous system disease. Avoid Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in patients with or at risk for hyponatremia. If use cannot be avoided, monitor serum sodium concentrations. Rapid correction of hyponatremia is potentially dangerous with risk of serious neurologic complications. Brain adaptations reducing risk of cerebral edema make the brain vulnerable to injury when chronic hyponatremia is too rapidly corrected, which is known as osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). To avoid complications, monitor serum sodium and chloride concentrations, fluid status, acid-base balance, and signs of neurologic complications. Fluid Overload Depending on the volume and rate of infusion, and the patient’s underlying clinical condition, the intravenous administration of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP can cause electrolyte disturbances such as overhydration/hypervolemia and congested states including central (e.g., pulmonary edema) and peripheral edema. Avoid Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in patients with or at risk for fluid and/or solute overloading. If use cannot be avoided, monitor fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations and acid base balance as needed and especially during prolonged use.

ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions associated with the use of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP were identified in clinical trials or postmarketing reports. Because postmarketing reactions were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate their frequency, reliably, or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. General disorders and administration site condition s: Chills, and infusion site pain. Hypersensitivity reactions : generalized papules and erythema, rash, fever, vomiting, hypertension, tachycardia. Metabolism and nutrition disorders : Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hyperchloremia acidosis, fluid overload. Cardiac disorders : Cardiac arrest as a manifestation of rapid intravenous administration and/or of hyperkalemia. Nervous System Disorders : Hyponatremic encephalopathy. If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.

What is Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride used for?
INDICATIONS AND USAGE Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is indicated as a source of water and electrolytes.

Who makes Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride?
Baxter Healthcare Company is the labeler of record for Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride.

What form does Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride come in?
administered by intravenous. Strengths and pack sizes vary by label, so compare the NDC on your pack with the identifier listed on this page.

Is Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride prescription or over-the-counter?
The FDA label for this product is recorded as human prescription drug. Marketing status can differ between strengths and countries, so check the dispensing rules where you live.

Has Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride been recalled?
No FDA recall record in our database matches this product name or manufacturer. Recall data is updated periodically, so a very recent notice may not appear here yet.

Where does this information come from?
All content is reproduced from FDA Structured Product Labelling data via openFDA. It is provided for identification and reference only and is not medical advice.